Mutations in KPTN Cause Macrocephaly, Neurodevelopmental Delay, and Seizures

Mutations in KPTN cause macrocephaly, neurodevelopmental delay, and seizures.

The proper development of neuronal circuits during neuromorphogenesis and neuronal-network formation is critically dependent on a coordinated and intricate series of molecular and cellular cues and responses. Although the cortical actin cytoskeleton is known to play a key role in neuromorphogenesis, relatively little is known about the specific molecules important for this process. Using linkag...

Mutations in the ALDH7A1 gene cause pyridoxine-dependent seizures.

To The ediTor Recently, Lin and colleagues have reported a case of pyridoxine-dependent seizures in this journal 1. The diagnosis was based upon the clinical criteria as formulated by Baxter 2. In discussing the case the authors state that the underlying pathophysiology of the disorder is unknown and that no biochemical aids are available in establishing the diagnosis. Indeed, for 50 years pyri...

Identification of mutations in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling pathway in patients with macrocephaly and developmental delay and/or autism

Background Macrocephaly, which is defined as a head circumference greater than or equal to + 2 standard deviations, is a feature commonly observed in children with developmental delay and/or autism spectrum disorder. Although PTEN is a well-known gene identified in patients with this syndromic presentation, other genes in the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signalling pathway have also recently been suggested to...

EXTL3 mutations cause skeletal dysplasia, immune deficiency, and developmental delay

We studied three patients with severe skeletal dysplasia, T cell immunodeficiency, and developmental delay. Whole-exome sequencing revealed homozygous missense mutations affecting exostosin-like 3 (EXTL3), a glycosyltransferase involved in heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis. Patient-derived fibroblasts showed abnormal HS composition and altered fibroblast growth factor 2 signaling, which was res...

Genetic Mutations that Cause Coronary Artery Disease